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          每天进步一点点023 - Python真的是强大
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              <time title="创建时间：2022-01-20 21:54:55 / 修改时间：22:46:48" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2022-01-20T21:54:55+08:00">2022-01-20</time>
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        <h1 id="Preface"><a href="#Preface" class="headerlink" title="Preface"></a>Preface</h1><p>最近本来一直在做自己想做的app，然后发现开了头，没有了结尾。<br>仔细分析，发现是自己没有做好需求分析，项目规划，最致命的是没有做好原型设计，所以导致了最后的结果，虽然用<strong>Gitmind</strong> 做好了前期的记录，但是没有后续的整理和生成产品原型出来，导致现在只能暂时搁浅这个项目。然后突然发现年关将近，调研了一些市面上比较热门的万年历相关的信息，打算做一个万年历相关的 <strong>app</strong>。<br>现将目前的一些想法和心得记录于此。</p>
<h1 id="Contents"><a href="#Contents" class="headerlink" title="Contents"></a>Contents</h1><h2 id="1-原型设计相关"><a href="#1-原型设计相关" class="headerlink" title="1 原型设计相关"></a>1 原型设计相关</h2><p>以前原型设计都是用的<strong>balsamiq mockups</strong>，非常不错的线稿原型设计工具，是之前做 <strong>Flash</strong> 开发的时候朋友推荐的。非常不错，但是现在收费了，囊中羞涩。最近看到adobe xd比较流行，个人版免费，自己之前用过不少的<em>adobe系列软件</em>，包括<strong>flash</strong> 也就是现在的<strong>adobe animation</strong>，所以对<em>adobe系列软件</em>的操作习惯比较习惯了。所以选择了他作为原型开发工具。<br>当然，目前只是做了很简单的原型设计，下一步需要根据官网上下载的 <strong>Material Design</strong> 风格和配色进行优化，很有可能还要用 <strong>Gimp</strong> 进行一些简单的<strong>ui</strong>设计和处理工作。<br><img data-src="xd.png" alt="adobe xd"></p>
<h2 id="2-数据相关"><a href="#2-数据相关" class="headerlink" title="2 数据相关"></a>2 数据相关</h2><p>数据爬取使用的是<strong>Python</strong>。原本打算用<strong>go</strong>来实现的，实际考察时使用的是 <em>colly</em> ，<strong>html</strong>解析是 <em>goquery</em> ，发现这个还是没有 <strong>python</strong> 使用 <em>requests+beautifulsoup</em> 来得简单和方便。<br>以下是数据爬取用到的库:</p>
<figure class="highlight yml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="attr">name:</span> <span class="string">somethinglikethis</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">channels:</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/msys2/</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">dependencies:</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">beautifulsoup4=4.10.0=pyha770c72_0</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">brotlipy=0.7.0=py38h96a0964_1003</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">ca-certificates=2021.10.8=h033912b_0</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">certifi=2021.10.8=py38h50d1736_1</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">cffi=1.15.0=py38h1a44b6c_0</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">charset-normalizer=2.0.10=pyhd8ed1ab_0</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">cryptography=36.0.1=py38h56c4533_0</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">idna=3.1=pyhd3deb0d_0</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">libcxx=12.0.1=habf9029_1</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">libffi=3.4.2=h0d85af4_5</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">libzlib=1.2.11=h9173be1_1013</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">loguru=0.5.3=py38h50d1736_3</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">ncurses=6.2=h2e338ed_4</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">openssl=1.1.1l=h0d85af4_0</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">pip=21.3.1=pyhd8ed1ab_0</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">pycparser=2.21=pyhd8ed1ab_0</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">pymongo=4.0.1=py38ha048514_0</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">pyopenssl=21.0.0=pyhd8ed1ab_0</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">pysocks=1.7.1=py38h50d1736_4</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">python=3.8.12=h17280f6_2_cpython</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">python_abi=3.8=2_cp38</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">readline=8.1=h05e3726_0</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">requests=2.27.1=pyhd8ed1ab_0</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">setuptools=60.5.0=py38h50d1736_0</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">six=1.16.0=pyh6c4a22f_0</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">soupsieve=2.3.1=pyhd8ed1ab_0</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">sqlite=3.37.0=h23a322b_0</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">tk=8.6.11=h5dbffcc_1</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">urllib3=1.26.8=pyhd8ed1ab_1</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">wheel=0.37.1=pyhd8ed1ab_0</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">xz=5.2.5=haf1e3a3_1</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">zlib=1.2.11=h9173be1_1013</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">prefix:</span> <span class="string">/usr/local/anaconda3/envs/lunar</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="3-前端相关"><a href="#3-前端相关" class="headerlink" title="3 前端相关"></a>3 前端相关</h2><p>前端使用的是<strong>flutter</strong>。<br>最近看了一些别人的教程，颇有心得，跟以前怎么整理好一个<em>flutter项目</em>犯难有了很大的区别。<br>界面堆起来也是顺畅多了。<br>目前还有一些边角功能需要开发，以及屏幕适配需要去做，整体还是很顺利的。</p>
<figure class="highlight txt"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">intl: ^0.17.0</span><br><span class="line">ionicons: ^0.1.2</span><br><span class="line">flutter_holo_date_picker: ^1.0.1+2</span><br><span class="line">share: ^2.0.4</span><br><span class="line"># Flutter 版微信登录/分享/支付 SDK</span><br><span class="line"># wechat_kit: ^3.0.1</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>话说之前研究过 <strong>ionic</strong> ，试探性的去搜索了一下，还真有 <em>ionic 的 iconfont</em>。<br>项目简单，不知道会不会用到<strong>bloc</strong>或者<strong>getx</strong>。</p>
<h2 id="4-服务端相关"><a href="#4-服务端相关" class="headerlink" title="4 服务端相关"></a>4 服务端相关</h2><p>本来是打算<strong>golang</strong>的，然后打算借朋友的服务器用用，朋友是<strong>java</strong>大佬。<br><strong>golang</strong>肯定是够用的，但是今年一直都和朋友在正<em>springboot<em>全栈开发，所以打算系统的把</em>springboot<em>从0到1的整出来。<br>然而，这几天 *</em>python** 爬取数据看来，<strong>python</strong> 是极好用的，所以，身为一个纠结狂魔，我不仅想：*要不，用python试试？</em></p>
<h1 id="Problems"><a href="#Problems" class="headerlink" title="Problems"></a>Problems</h1><h2 id="pymongo-遇到-id-重复的问题"><a href="#pymongo-遇到-id-重复的问题" class="headerlink" title="pymongo 遇到 _id 重复的问题"></a>pymongo 遇到 _id 重复的问题</h2><p>在数据存储方面，由于目前只是一些固定的数据，所以选择<strong>mongo</strong>来进行数据存储。对应的使用<em>pymongo</em>来操作<strong>mongodb</strong>。  </p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">uri = <span class="string">&quot;mongodb://%s:%s@%s&quot;</span> % (</span><br><span class="line">        quote_plus(<span class="string">&#x27;username&#x27;</span>), quote_plus(<span class="string">&#x27;password&#x27;</span>), <span class="string">&#x27;address:port&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    client = pymongo.MongoClient(uri,maxPoolSize=<span class="number">10</span>,document_class=RawBSONDocument)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><strong><em>此处为何会设置 document_class 为 RawBSONDocument 呢？</em></strong><br>这是因为没有设置这个的时候，<br>系统会在 <em>collection.insert_one</em> 的时候判断插入的对象在不是<strong>RawBSONDocument</strong>并且没有 <strong>_id</strong> 字段的时候设置一个 <strong>_id</strong> ，</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> (<span class="built_in">isinstance</span>(document, RawBSONDocument) <span class="keyword">or</span> <span class="string">&quot;_id&quot;</span> <span class="keyword">in</span> document):</span><br><span class="line">    document[<span class="string">&quot;_id&quot;</span>] = ObjectId()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>而 <strong>ObjectId</strong> 是极其规律的</p>
<blockquote>
<p>An ObjectId is a 12-byte unique identifier consisting of:<br>    - a 4-byte value representing the seconds since the Unix epoch,<br>    - a 5-byte random value,<br>    - a 3-byte counter, starting with a random value.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>所以在使用多线程并发的情况下， <em>ObjectId是很容易重复的</em>。<br>因此，只要在此做此设置，就可以确保不会发生 <strong>_id</strong> 重复的问题。<br>并且，我们不需要这个字段，<strong>mongo</strong>自动生成的<strong>ObjectId</strong>够用了。<br><img data-src="mongo.png" alt="mongo"></p>

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